Flyers for textile machines



Feb. 6, 1962 A. A. BRAME 3,019,590

FLYERS FOR TEXTILE MACHINES Filed 001;. 24, 1958 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR ARTHUR A. BRAME ATTORNEY Feb. 6, 1962 A. A. BRAME 3,019,590

FLYERS FOR TEXTILE MACHINES Filed 001;. 24, 1958 2 SheetsSheet 2 FIG.4

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INVENTOR ARTHUR A. BRAME ATTORNEY A i l atentecl Feb. 6, 1%62 chinery. The matte-finishes achieved are semi-dull in w appearance and smooth to the touch as distinguished from FLYEEE FQR slimming; MAQJ a highly polished chrome finish or a dull finish which is Ar t hurA. Blame, Greensboro, N11 assignor to Blame undfisimbh i y l Gremsmm a carpi) 5 Qther objects and many of the attendant advantages ration or Nortn arohna Filefi &3. 24, 19539 gen Na 76.97353 of this invention will become more readily apparent to w g m 57 115) those conversant in this art as the same becomes better understood from the following detailed description taken This invention pertains to fiyers for textile equipment in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which including roving frames and spinning frames in which the like characters of reference refer to corresponding parts fiyer has a matte-finished fiber contacting surface. throughout the several views, and wherein:

With the introduction of the man-rnade fibers and par- FIG. 1 is a front elevational view of a fiyer for textile ticularly nylon, Orion, Dacron, among others, there is machines with a transverse central sectional portion rea tendency to build up static charge while passing a moved, illustrating, in outline form, a portion of the platsiiver or roving over a suriace which is conducive to g fiXture in position; storing an electrostatic charge and this is particularly FIG. 2 is an end elevational view of the fiyer of evident in the roving made of synthetic fibers when the PEG. 1; fibrous strand is passed through a fiyer rove aperture FIG. 3 is a front elevational View of a plating rack or hole and into the hollow leg of the iiyer frame. it assembly for supporting the fiyer, shown in outline form, is not unusual for fly and lint tag-ups to accumulate on in a chrome bath for the application of a chrome plate the fiyer which will ultimately result in neps and slubs. on the flyer;

Also there is a tendency, due primarily to the accumula- FIG. 4 is an end elevational view of H6. 3;

tion of fly and lint, fora choke to form in the flyer hollow FIG 5 is a top plan view of the rack assembly of leg. By and large the textile industry has utilized highly FIGS. 3 and 4;

polished fiber contacting surfaces which result in a high FIG. 6 is a perspective View of one of the rack asfiber-to-rnetal friction. These highly polished surfaces sembly clamping bars; and

be formed by nickel or chrome plating the fiber con- Fi 7 is an enlarged partial sectional view of the seattacting surfaces particularly, chrome plating being preing connection between the articulated rod for the hollow ferred due to its increased wear resistance when snbleg of a flyer.

jected to the abrasive action of nylon and other synthetic Referring to the drawing and particularly to FIGS. 1 fibers. and 2, there is shown a llyer ll? of generally conventional Therefore, it is one object of this invention to prostructure in which the central socket portion 11 is provide a flyer having a superficial matte-finish which will vided with an axially extending bore 12 into which a offer an appreciably reduced coetficient f fri tion beroving is introduced generally at a suitable angle of intween a roving and the metal contacting surface over troduction, so that the mouth 13 will impart a false twist which the roving comes in contact so as (a) to reduce to a bundle of fibers. The roving will be threaded fly and lint tag-ups, (b) eliminate appreciably fibers which through one of the rove exit openings 14 or 15 which choke up the fiyer arm, (c) facilitate roving travel may be in line with the entrance in to the hollow leg through the fiyer by reduced drag through the fiyer hollow 1'7 or circumferentially spaced about the entrance socket leg, and (d) reduce the tendency of the surface fibers such as the opening 16. The hollow leg 17 has an arcuate of the roving to be distorted and stretch the roving uninupper portion and a linear lower portion with an elontentionally. gated slotted opening 18 therein and a shield 19 there- Another objective of this invention is to present a over. A presser foot 20 extends transversely from admethod of applying a matte-finish to textile equipment jacent to the terminal end of the hollow leg and the and particularly to flyers for spinning and roving frames presser foot is Provided with E1 fiat 611d 21 in which a to achieve a greatly reduced fiber-to-metal frictional coroving guide opening 22 is placed therein. The presaer efficient of drag. foot will position the roving on a bobbin suitably mounted Still another objective of this invention is to provide on the flyer frame or spinning frame to receive the yarn. a novel fixture or rack assembly for use in the applica- The upper leg 23 of the presser foot encircles a d is tion of a chrome plate to the surface, internal and eX- P Y Supported y Imam of tha enflifcliilg 031 ternal, of a tlyer and particularly to the hollow leg of the th h ll w 16g a v the projection 25. The lower end fryer frame. of the leg 23 is provided with a guide loop fit? to support A further ob lective of this invention is to provide a the presser foot in alignment with the hollow le fiyer in which the internal and external surfaces of which A Copper plug 26 having'a T-handle 27 at one and may be treated to form minutely indented surfaces as by and a slotted plug end 28 at the other end is shown insand-blasting or other means and by chrome plating the serted into the bottom open end of the axial bore 12. surface to form a semi-dull finish having a roughness rat- The balancing leg 29 is usually solid and extends in latering and sheen which will account for a low friction beally spaced relation to the hollow leg and extends downtween the fibers and metal which the'fibers contact and l form an inverted P ll member. extend the wear life of the llyer. in the preferred form of the present inventive concept,

Yet another objective of this invention is the provision the ilyer generally may be made of cold rolled steel and of a method of applying a matte chrome finish to a is assembled prior to any further mechanical working. textile flyer apparatus which will have a surface rough- Generally, after degreasing, cleaning and pickling, the ness in the preferred range of 75 to 200 micro inches. entire assembly is sandblasted, shot-blasted, or treated The present inventive concept contemplates the appliby some other known mechanism means for toughening cation of a matte-finished metal surface particularly apor indenting the external and internal surfaces of the plicable to various textile operations wherein man-made fiyer, which roughness or indentation is not too apparent fibers, natural fibers, and their blends, including cotton to the touch as the indentations are minute. it has been and worsted spinninv systems may utilize the resultant found most satisfactory to use a mixture of fine granules matte-finish to obtain lower fiber-to-rnetal friction comof sand, which granules are proportioned suitably in pared to that normally obtained from the highly polished fiber contact surfaces conventionally used on textile marder to yield the requisite roughness which is determined primarily by the final surface conditions to be attained by the particular roving material to be used in COIlJUIlCtlOIl with the fiyer. Particularly for the preparation of the internal surfaces of the socket and the hollow leg, a nozzle has been used at the end of the hose for projecting the particles of sand normal to the surface internally against which the particles impinge in order to obtain a suitable pentration or indentation of the surface.

Upon cleaning of the fine particles from the flyer surfaces, which particles usually cling to the internal and external surfaces of the fiyer, the assembled unit is ready to be mounted on a rack assembly for supporting the fiyer in an electrolytic bath for electroplating the exposed internal and external surfaces of the flyer with a chrome plate in one of the conventional plating procedures. After supporting the fiyer on a suitable fixture, the assembly is normally cathode and the plate of chrome immersed in the electrolyte is the anode. When direct current is applied, the metallic ions migrate to the cathode or Work and upon losing their charge, the metal is deposited on the cathode or work.

The normal practice of applying a chrome plate to a smooth surface results in a polished surface having a irofilometer reading R.M.S.: 10 micro inches and a co efficient of friction of 0.7. However, in the application of a matte-finish in accordance with this invention, a Profilometer reading of R.M.S.: 100 micro inches has been achieved with a resultant coefiicient of friction of 0.14. It has also been determined that whereas the friction of polished surfaces varies greatly with the fiber speed, the friction of matte-finished surfaces is less affected by the variation in yarn speed. Actually the coefiicient of friction between highly polished and mattefinished surfaces has been reduced from 0.7 to 0.14 by reducing the affected surface contact area. Measuring surface roughness may be performed by a commercial instrument known as a Profilometer manufactured by Micrometrical Manufacturing Company of Ann Arbor, Michigan, which instrument provides a sharp diamond stylus that moves over the surface to be measured at a constant rate and the rise and fall of this stylus is amplified electrically and indicated on a meter which is arranged to indicate directly the root-mean-square (R.M.S.) value of the surface measured.

In the matte-finish desirable for producing optimum results, the preferred range is from approximately Profilometer ratings of R.M.S.: 75 to 200, although some values of 40 to 75 may not be objectionable. A comparison with polished surface roughness indicates that polished surfaces range from R.M.S.: to 20 micro inches.

There is illustrated in FIGS. 3, 4 and a rack assembly or fixture 35 for supporting a fiyer for immersion into an electrolytic bath for chrome plating. The hookend hanger rod 36 engages a horizontal tank bar 37 and extends vertically downwardly and has mounted adjacent to the terminal ends a pair of plastic clamping plates 33 of Plexiglas or similar material. A fiyer supporting rod 39 is supported intermediate its ends between the clamping plates 38 and frictionally retained therebetween by the screws 40 in lateral parallel relation to the hanger rod. Clamping plates 41 are mounted at the lower terminal end 42 of the rod 39 to support the one end 43 of the hollow leg straight rod 44 which is introduced into the internal portion of the hollow leg 17 of the fiyer.

Clamping plates 45 are supported above the plates 38 on the rod 39 and clamped thereto by the screw 46 with the plates reaching transversely to engage the hanger rod 36. A clamping bar 48 is mounted adjacent to the other end of the rod 39 and reaches transversely to support the vertical rod 49 which extends downwardly into the fiyer socket 11 to the requisite depth. The rod 49 may be adjustably positioned by means of the locking screw 5t which clamps the rod 49 and the clamping screw 51 which clamps the bar on the rod 59.

Spaced below the clamping bar 4-8 is another rod clamping bar 53 that is supported on the vertical rod 39 to retain the top rod member 54 which forms one section of the articulated rod which extends through the hollow le of the fiyer. Locking bolt and nut 56 clamp the rod 54 on the bar 53 and a screw 51 clamps the bar 53 to the vertical rod 39.

To facilitate the introduction of a rod through the hollow leg 17 of the fiyer, the rod is articulated with the top member 54 and the bottom member 4-4 extending through the hollow leg member. These rod members 44 and 54 have their free ends machined to form a seating connection with the end of rod 54 having a conical end to engage with the countersunk end 56 of the lower rod end 44.

A copper plug 28 is introduced into the bottom open end of the socket of the fiyer with the plug being tapered and slotted to form a resilient mounting to facilitate the mounting and removal of the fiyer from the plug. The plug 28 is supported on the clamping bar 66) which reaches from the hanger rod 36 with the screw 61 tightening the bifurcated ends of the clamping bar about the periphery of the plug 28. The T-shaped handle 27 on the plug 26 will facilitate removal of the fiyer from the plug upon completion of the plating operation by permitting a downward pull on the handle while the fiyer is raised vertically from the plug.

Installation of the fiyer frame it on the rack assembly 35 is facilitated by simply loosening the upper clamping bars 43 and 53 in order to displace the rods 49 and 54 vertically. Upon mounting of the fiyer on the plug 26, the rods 49 and 54 are then lowered into position and the corresponding locking screws are tightened to retain the rods in the correct position in the fiyer.

It has been found that the rods 44, 5d and 49 provide a very desirable means for directing the metallic ions into the internal surfaces to be plated so as to obtain a uniform flow of ions through the internal surfaces in order to produce the uniform depth of plate deposit.

It will be obvious to those skilled in this art that many modifications and improvements may be made to the rack assembly and fixture for supporting the fiyer in order to obtain the requisite plating deposit at selective positions on the flyer as well as modifications made to the method of preparing the surface of the fiyer, internally and externally, to obtain the requisite surface irregularity and roughness without departing from the real spirit and purpose of this inventive concept and many modifications are contemplated.

What is claimed is:

1. A flyer for textile spinning machines having a balancing leg, a hollow leg and an entrance socket having a rove opening therethroug-, said fiyer having a mattefinished chrome surface on external and internal portions of the balancing and hollow legs and the entrance socket to reduce fiber-to-metal friction and fiber choking.

2. A fiyer for textile machines including roving frames, spinning frames and the like having a rove receiving socket with entrance and exit openings, a balancing leg, a hollow leg and a pressure foot mounted on said hollow leg, at least said hollow leg and socket having a mattefinished chrome surface throughout to reduce fiber-tometal friction and fiber choking.

3. A fiyer for textile machines including roving frames, spinning frames and the like having a rove receiving socket with entrance and exit openings, a balancing leg and a hollow leg, said hollow leg having a matte-finished chrome surface internally thereof to reduce fiber-to-metal friction and fiber choking.

4. A fiyer for textile machines including roving frames, spinning frames and the like having a rove receiving socket with entrance and exit openings, a balancing leg, and a hollow leg, said hollow leg, balancing leg and References @ited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,047,601 Woodworth Dec. 17, 1912 15 6 Feaster Oct. 11, 1921 Harnett Oct. 21, 1924 De Ferranti Mar. 31, 1936 Van Der Horst Dec. 17, 1946 Kushner Apr. 15, 1952 Forestek Mar. 27, 1956 Haueisen et a1. May 15, 1956 Belke et a1. Jan. 14, 1958 FOREIGN PATENTS Belgium Feb. 28, 1951 Great Britain June 24, 1953 

